Human Trafficking Global Issue Of Modern Day Slavery

Human Trafficking: Global Issue of Modern Day Slavery Hannah Melson Tri-County Technical College Abstract Although slavery or forced labor is commonly thought to be just a thing of the past, human trafficking is a billion dollar illegal industry. Traffickers responsible for this crime make profit trapping millions of people in horrendous situations around the world, including right here in the United States. Traffickers commonly use violence, deception, fraud, threats, and other manipulative tactics to force people into providing services or labor against their will. Due to its varsity and complexity a well as the numerous modalities of recruitment, control and exploitation of individuals, human trafficking is becoming a very drastic criminal offense. The dreadful wrongdoings experienced by the victims and the consequences associated demand and unambiguous, strong and synchronized response from the social community as a whole. Considering the fact that the global issue of human trafficking cannot be solved solely on a national level, one of the most imperative roles in its effective suppression is the international cooperation between countries. In order for cooperation such as this to be possible, modern countries must create a satisfactory and jointly coordinated legal framework within themselves. Title of the Paper in Full Goes Here Introduction Human trafficking is one of the most heinous forms of organized crime and violation of human rights. HumanShow MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking : The Illegal Act Of Trading Humans1157 Words   |  5 PagesTH 2pm Final Draft Human trafficking is the illegal act of trading humans for any type of forced behavior, such as prostitution or labor. It is estimated by the United Nations that four million people around the world are victims of human trafficking each year. This global issue needs to be better controlled by foreign and domestic cooperation and awareness. One of the most important things to know about human trafficking is the different forms. While sexual human trafficking is the most commonRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Global Issue1280 Words   |  6 Pagesand we as a human race still cannot say that slavery has ended. Since the onset of African slave trading, trafficking of women and children has since developed and atrociously branched into the trafficking of human organs as well as sex. It wasn t until several hundreds of years later that the Emancipation Proclamation would be created and signed. President Abraham Lincoln ordered and issued the Emancipation Proclamation as a war measure for the sole purpose of abolishing slavery in the UnitedRead MoreHuman Trafficking And The Modern Day Slavery Essay1006 Words   |  5 Pagesprovocative issue global issue in the field of criminal justice, and is known as the modern day slavery. This paper will also discuss the globalization in human trafficking. The study examines the impact of economic globalization on the human trafficking inflows around the world. This paper will begin by providing the definition of what human trafficking and globalization is, and how it works within the context of law enforcement. The history of human trafficking and how human trafficking is effectingRead MoreModern American Slave Labor And The Dark Side Of The New Global Economy By John Bowe972 Words   |  4 PagesBook Review: 2 Nobodies Modern American Slave Labor and the Dark Side of the New Global Economy By John Bowe. In Reading the book† Nobodies,† the author is giving us an inside look at Modern Day of Slave Labor that still is existence today and how it has become issues in the modern day and Age. â€Å"Bowe† main agreement in the book is real life stories of current modern day slave labor and the symbolism of how is still is a real life global issue today. â€Å"Bowe† shows us Modern Day Slave Labor is still inRead MoreHuman Tracfficking as a Global Health Issue Essay1061 Words   |  5 PagesAlthough slavery, as we known , may have been abolished throughout most of the world, a different form of slavery is lurking in the shadows. There is an estimated 27 million people currently in modern day slavery around the world. There are currently more people in slavery today than in any given time in history. (Free the Slaves, 2013) These are men, women, and children living under horrid conditions, stripped of all human rights. Included in that number are one million children that are exploitedRead MoreHuman Trafficking Annotated Bibliography Essay866 Words   |  4 PagesHuman trafficking An annotated bibliography Web Links Anti-Slavery International http://www.antislavery.org/ Anti-Slavery Internationals Trafficking Programme comprises three elements: campaigning to end human trafficking, lobbying for victim protection, and research on measures governments take to protect victims of trafficking, especially those who act as witnesses. The web site provides information about both current and historical slavery operations. The UN Global Programme Against TraffickingRead MoreHuman Trafficking: Modern Day Slavery Essay1020 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Trafficking is a horrendous crime that takes advantage of people through the illegal trading of human beings for purposes of forced labor, and commercial sexual/child exploitation. Traffickers tend to prey on the vulnerable, those who want a better life, have little or no employment opportunities, very unstable, and have a history of sexual abuse. With this being popular in society, anyone can easily become a victim. By being an undocumented immigrant, runaway and homeless youth, and a victimRead MoreLibrary Information / Literacy Project : Human Trafficking And Slavery1117 Words   |  5 PagesLibrary information/Literacy project: Human Trafficking and Slavery Introduction: Human trafficking is a global epidemic that affect millions of victims that has being trafficked for prostitution and some forms of child labor across international borders. This human illicit trade and inhuman crime produces around $32 billion in profits each year. A five-year-old chained to a rug loom in India, a domestic servant enslaved and beaten in the Middle East and sex slave trafficked within theRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Modern Form Of Slavery924 Words   |  4 Pages PRESENT HUMAN SLAVERY ISN’T JUST ABOUT SEX TRAFFICKING, UP TO 27 MILLION PEOPLE ARE FORCED INTO LABOR IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY, FROM TOMATOES TO ELECTRONICS TO AMERICAN MILITARY CONTRACTING IN PLACES LIKE IRAQ. AS AMERICANS THINK ABOUT HUMAN TRAFFICKING, THEY ARE INCLINED TO THINK ABOUT SEXUAL SLAVERY. IN FACT THE ACTUAL STORIES OF GIRLS SOLD OFF TO BROTHELS OR TRICKED INTO TAKING PART INTO PROSTITUTION BY GANGSTERS IS GREAT FEED FOR JOURNALISTS. THIS APPEALS TO A CERTAIN TYPE OF CELEB COMMITMENT THATRead MoreWhat Is More Harm Than Good?1721 Words   |  7 Pagesindividuals’ human rights or Would U.K laws and policies on sex workers and trafficked individuals be more effective if society understood and accepted the problem? Research background and questions According to the United Kingdom Home Office, the anti†slavery legislation currently being upheld in the United Kingdom (hereinafter UK), uses the term modern slavery as a catch-all phrase when referring to the offences of forced labour, domestic servitude, human trafficking and slavery. Modern slavery frequently

Illegal Immigrants of American Society Essay - 2038 Words

Illegal Immigrants of American Society A Realistic Approach At present, the U.S. immigration system is burdened both by policy and implementation challenges. It is barely able to meet the commitments required by law and policy and is ill-prepared to address new challenges and mandates. Agreement that the system is broken may be the only point of consensus among many diverse stakeholders. The Task Force believes that immigration laws and policies are broken in four ways: . There is an increasing disconnection between law and reality that undermines the rule of law, breeds disrespect for American values and institutions, and makes it more difficult to garner domestic support for immigration and advance U.S. values overseas. . Some†¦show more content†¦Immigrants overwhelmingly filled blue-collar jobs (operators, fabricators and laborers) but also accounted for as much as half the growth in categories such as administrative support and services. According to Julian Samora Research Institute, the migration of Hispanics to the Midwest has been shown to be directly related to the labor needs of agriculture and manufacturing in the region. Much less, however, is known about how Hispanics have fared economically in this major industrial setting. Manufacturing in the Midwest has likewise benefitted from the supply of Mexican labor and has contributed to the growth of the Hispanic population. The need for industrial labor during both World War I and II as well as during strike activities in the steel industry in 1919 and the meat packing industry in 1921 assured the continued migration of Chicanos to the Midwest. Moreover, as the decline in migrant farm workers accelerated in the late sixties and early s eventies as a result of agricultural mechanization, manufacturing--especially the auto-related industries--tapped former migrant workers for work. One study of Chicanos in Michigan viewed the period in the early seventies as a transition for Chicanos from field workers to factory workers. . A proposed amnesty for more than 3 million undocumented Mexican workers and their families might help all Latinos in the United States, particularly those in rural communities, where they are often viewed with suspicion, thisShow MoreRelatedIllegal Immigrants of American Society Essay2056 Words   |  9 PagesIllegal Immigrants of American Society A Realistic Approach At present, the U.S. immigration system is burdened both by policy and implementation challenges. It is barely able to meet the commitments required by law and policy and is ill-prepared to address new challenges and mandates. Agreement that the system is broken may be the only point of consensus among many diverse stakeholders. The Task Force believes that immigration laws and policies are broken in four ways: . ThereRead MoreIllegal Immigrants in America Essay1001 Words   |  5 PagesIllegal Immigration in America Illegal immigration has caused a lot of controversy within the United States. The media has influenced our society to make us believe that illegal immigrants are horrible people. One thing that I have learned throughout life is, â€Å"Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains (Rousseau 4).† This sums up how society dictates our lives and limits us to what the media wants to us to believe. Whether it is legal or illegal, everybody should be treated equally. IllegalRead MoreShould Immigration Be Legal Or Illegal?1701 Words   |  7 Pagescomplex and touchy subject. Moreover, that of Illegal Immigration is vehemently controversial. However, when it comes to exercising judgment on the subject and formulating a stance there are de facto only two approaches: a sentimental optimistic approach or a business like realistic approach. According to an article by Immigration specialist Charles Hirschman the general optimistic assertion is that Immigration be it legal or illegal str engthens American society and promotes diversity and liberty. An admirableRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And The United States1418 Words   |  6 PagesAn illegal immigrant, who works for their keep in an unknown country, contributes to taxes, stays out of trouble, and just wants a better life in a foreign country, on unknown land should be recognized for their contribution to that particular society. An illegal immigrant is a person who migrates to a different country in a way that is in violation of the immigrant laws of that country. Immigration has been a divided topic for many years in America- illegal immigrants are sometimes seen as a burdenRead MoreShould the Illegal Immigrants in the U.S Be Deported?1092 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Immigrants create San Francisco† is common sense people around the world acknowledge to praise the contributions immigrants have made. America, as we all know, positioned as the most prosperous and humanistic country in the world, gives immi gration a very crucial role due to its function forming the diverse culture of America. Every year, thousands of immigrants move to the United States, seeking superior living conditions such as employment, welfare and education. However, that movement inevitablyRead MoreWhy Are They Illegal Immigrants?1562 Words   |  7 Pages In IMA BE ME, Wanda Sykes said, â€Å" Why are they called illegal immigrants? They re undocumented workers. If someone broke into my house, and vacuumed? You know, I might be a little confused. But I ain’t calling the cops†. This is one of the funniest line from the show and at the same time, it captures audience’s heart. I believe, the United States is trying to change a lot now as a country where have been accepting various immigrants continuously since the foundation of the nation. In 2008, BarackRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And The United States Essay1594 Words   |  7 Pages Every year numerous legal and illegal immigrants originate to the United States. From all around a world, individuals want to arise toward America for an improved existence for them and their families. America is a freedom-oriented country, where everybody has right how to live their life in their own conditions. I myself, I remain immigrant as well. I came to U.S.A. 5 years ago. American culture remains actual diverse somewhat from other cultures. In this country, we all get the liberty to liveRead Moreillegal immigrant workers should be granted legal status1347 Words   |  6 PagesSupport one position on â€Å"illegal immigrant workers should be granted legal status† For the past 120 years- â€Å"between 1891 and 1920- [America has] received some 18 million men, women and children from other nations† (Bush 554) and causes one of the serious problem in the society. Therefore, immigration reform has been intensely debate among the citizen due to illegal immigrant issues that have become prevalent in United States. However, validating the illegal immigrant workers status should be consideredRead MoreFamily Values Linda Chavez Summary1304 Words   |  6 PagesAre Immigrants actually hurting America? In the article â€Å"Supporting Family Values† Linda Chavez writes to inform Americans about immigrants. In American people make the assumption that immigrants are here to hurt America instead of improving America. In reality there is only a small group of immigrants that hurt America. People need to separate the groups to realize that there are immigrants who help America and that they should be allowed to stay in America under certain c ircumstances. ImmigrantsRead MoreThe Official Definition Of Illegal Is â€Å"Contrary To Or Forbidden1517 Words   |  7 PagesThe official definition of illegal is â€Å"contrary to or forbidden by law†. The definition of an Immigrant is â€Å"an individual who comes to live permanently in a foreign country†. Therefore Illegal Immigrants are foreigners who enter another country, the United States of America, without a Visa. They cross the border by avoiding inspection and overstay the allotted period of time allowed as a visitor, tourist, or businessperson. There are 12 million illegal immigrants in America today. How is the possible

Information Technology System and Management Computer Shares

Question: Discuss about theInformation Technology System and Managementfor Computer Shares. Answer: Roles of CIO in Computer Shares The CIO or the chief information officer helps in managing the information technology system and the computer system that are used in the organization. The chief information officer is one of the most effective and efficient members of any organization and they focuses on the technical projects for formulating various goals of the organization (Caplinskas, Dzemyda Lupeikiene 2013). The management of Computer Shares decides their goals and objectives with respect to the organizational demands and all of this aspect will improvise the system architecture of the organization. The role of the CIO will be changing according to the demands of the organization. The CIO is responsible for monitoring various types of IT activities of the organization, which helps in communicating with the specialist team for managing various IT areas. The CIO works very closely with the CEO and the staffs of the information technology for outperforming its main competitors (Aiken Gorman 2013). The CIO has c lose relationship with the various CEO, chief financial officer, CSCO and many more. Impact of CIO over Many Years The CIO of the Computershare has different roles and responsibilities as compared to other organizations. After proper analysis, it is found that the management of the information technology and the information system for supporting the various goals and objectives of the organization (Avery 2012). The CIO of Computershare is also responsible for innovating, balancing the various IT strategies, data management skills, collaboration and motivation of the other employees in order to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization. Expectation of Top Management from IT/IS Following are the various expectations regarding the IT/IS system within the Computer Shares: Meeting of goals objectives of the any organization Review of suggestions and recognition of organizational needs (Caplinskas, Dzemyd Lupeikiene 2013). Time management of the decided project tasks (Fue Sanga 2015). Feedback management regarding the project management and work progress Influence of CIO in Computer Shares Presently, the competition in the IT world is increasing rapidly and it forces the organization to adopt new strategies for surviving in the market of competition. The CIO of the organization has the responsibility to manage the information system of Computershare. The CIO of the Computershare is facing huge problems in aligning the digital system with the current system of business (Computershare 2016).This is mainly because the budgets of IT are shrinking and the technologies are moving towards the digital world. The challenges that are arising in the organization help in reducing the effectiveness of the CIO in order to achieve various goals of the organization. The former CIO of the Computershare has divided the IT system into parts. One part focuses on the customers of the organization and the second part on the IT transformation. The CIO of the organization is very influential and contains the most significant capability with with they can respond very quickly regarding the cha nge in technology in the world of digital business (Fue Sanga 2015). It is very much important that the CIO of Computershare must follow some of the key trends for further implementing the business strategy for evolution of the business. They influence the IT members of the organization to spend more time on the development of business strategy. The risks that are raised in the world of business must be avoided and the costs that are related with the infrastructure of the management must be reduced. The main aim of the Computershare is to develop various technical and soft skills requirements and therefore the CIO helps in influencing the IT leaders for developing their skills (Jose 2012). The CIO of Computershare have good quality of interaction and it helps in communicating properly with the various members of the IT team for managing the business processes very efficiently. Performance of IS/IT in Computer Shares The CIO have sought IT/IS strategy in a very close proximity however for providing the goals of the organization, a direct chain of reporting is created. Different types of information system are used by the Computershare, which includes Customer Relationship Management system, Transaction processing system and business intelligence system. The performance is mainly dependent on the processing as well as functionality of the system (Laptop Computers, Desktops, Printers and more | HP United Kingdom2016). The transaction processing system is mainly used for collecting the user data and the output is generated on the input provided. The transaction processing is mainly dependent on the batch processing which helps in managing the staffs without getting proper help from the staff of the organization. The different activities of the organization include trend of purchasing, various demands of the product and the enquiry of the customers. The business intelligence system is mainly used for proper analysis of complex data and for extracting various data in order to perform various operations and for taking proper decisions (Lu 2013). The implementation of different types of information system helps in automating the management process for reducing the involvement of staffs and therefore the management team focuses on various innovative technologies that are helpful in growing the business of the organization. Missing Functionalities of IT/IS in Computer Shares The missing of various knowledge in the management of the business organization have led slow development of the organization. This also decreases the performance of the organizations. The response time, which is calculated, is very much slow due to the lack of KMS and therefore it is not possible for maintaining the consistency all the time (Mason Ramsey 2012). The Computershare faces challenges during the procedure of integration of new strategies and thus it is quite important for the organization to implement various knowledge management system of the organization in order to improve the working function. Weakness of IT/IS in Computer Shares The lack of knowledge management schemes within Computer Shares is affecting the development aspects of the organization and because of this aspect; the organization is not having appropriate growth in the technological field (Materials science and information technology II2012). Improving Steps taken by CIO in Computer Shares The steps that is required to be taken by the CIO can be improved by applying 80/20 rule in the company. It is the principle of Pareto that helps in stating that 80 percent of the outcome is the result of 20 percent of the cause (McCormack 2014). The CIO mitigates the issues for applying it in the information system of the company. The entire world of technology is dependent on the technological advancements by using the information technology. In the perspective of business, there are some specific needs for the development of the organization (Jose 2012). The perspective includes business growth, enhanced productivity, reduction in cost margin and many more (Mendona Sousa 2012). All the aspects include strategic business, which will have great impact on the success of business perspectives of the company. There are many IT solutions present in the company that helps in unlocking the new business opportunities. The innovative as well as competitive nature helps in making the organi zational architecture of the company better. Challenges Involved in Improving Stages The main challenges include: The aim of the organization must be developed Roles and responsibilities of the organization must be assigned In order to make proper strategies, proper members of the team must be selected. Team members conflict must be handled in a professional way (Meghanathan, Chaki Nagamalai 2012). It is quite important to build a good trust level between the various members of the organization (Peters 2012). Open communication between the top level managers and the employees of the company is very much helpful in developing the configuration of the organization. Effective Communication helps in resolving various types of challenges that the members of the organization generally faces (Park 2012). The stakeholders of the organization must be informed about the various innovative strategies that are very much effective for proper development of the organization. Computershare storage optimizer must be used which is helpful in reducing the total volume of data storage (McCormack 2014).The shrinkage as well as complexity cost is reduced. Control panel is one of the software solutions that is helpful in analyzing the information of the enterprise and it assists in automatically migrating the data. Mitigation Challenges The challenges can be mitigated with the implementation of different techniques for the issues found in the organization. The aim statement of the organization can be developed with the involvement of the team and developing a draft from the team members. The CIO should monitor the activities of the team members and consider the members who have the willingness and ability to perform the operations (Tina 2012). The information system can be used for the analysis of the stakeholders and a continual analysis is required to be made for finding the missing stakeholders. Several meetings should be conducted with the staffs and the stakeholders for finding the needs to implement new strategies and develop the new strategy (Peters 2012). The roles and responsibility should be divided to the different team members such that everyone understands their roles and their upper level staffs should monitor them (Lu 2013).The team leader with good communication capability must be chosen to avoid the friction arising between the employees and handle the team in an efficient way. Proposed IT/IS Strategy for the Organization The criterion that is required for creating the proposition of IT/IS strategy in Computershare includes: For establishing the foundation of belief and mission, strategic planning must focus on the future of the organization (Jose 2012). It is very much necessary that the strategic planning must define the gaps that exist between the present status and the desired future position of the organization. The planning must be stretched for achieving a new level in the organization and it focuses on the critical issues of the company (Mason Ramsey 2012). It should be a thinking process, which helps in bringing a change in the practices of the organization. Proposal for the IT/IS Strategies of Computershare Include: Confirming readiness and Commitment: It is important for the governing board and management to understand the purpose of the strategic planning. Preparing Planning Session: The managers of the organization must communicate about the processes and expectations of strategic planning (Park 2012). Communication helps in resolving problems more easily than instructing the employees of the organization. First Planning process: In the first planning process, following points needs to cover: The purpose of the processes must be defined clearly. It is necessary to establish faith between the team members. Mission, vision and strategic goals of the organization are developed. Drafting plan: Stakeholders must be aware of the results of the planning session, and they must understand the commitment of the strategic planning processes. Action Teams: The members of the organization must be groped in teams for providing training as preferred by the organization (Peters 2012). Second Planning Sessions: The original strategic planning team must meet all the purposes of the reviewing that is created by the action planning teams. The members of team must be charged with long and short a planning document that helps in addressing the strategic goals of the organization in order to measure the development of the organization. Formal Approval from the board: this provides the official approval and commitment of the governing Body for approving the Strategic Plan (Mason Ramsey 2012). Technology Roadmap The key esteem recommendation for the proposition of road map technology includes: A valuable key system is present n the CIO that acts as a driver for arranging and organizing various goals and objectives in the vital arrangement (Jose 2012). The roadmap makes it very much simple for the CIO to impart vital arrangement from various constituents from whom CIO should procure purchase (Lu 2013). This is considered as a reason for building up the roadmap in order to propel a complex activity inside the organization. The promotion of the alignment between various business goals and programs is mainly influenced by the CIO. References Aiken, P Gorman, M 2013, The case for the Chief Data Officer, Morgan Kaufmann, Waltham, MA. Avery, J 2012,Information theory and evolution, World Scientific, Hackensack, N.J. Caplinskas, A, Dzemyda, G Lupeikiene, A 2013,Databases and Information Systems VII, IOS Press, Amsterdam. Computershare, 2016.Welcome to Computershare. [online] Computershare.com. Available at:https://www.computershare.com/au[Accessed 27 Oct. 2016]. Fue, K Sanga, C 2015, "Remote Scheduling System for Drip Irrigation System Using Geographic Information System", in ,JGIS, vol. 07, no. 05, pp. 551-563. Jose, D 2012, Certified Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) Secrets To Acing The Exam and Successful Finding And Landing Your Next Certified Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) Certified Job, Emereo Pub., Dayboro. Laptop Computers, Desktops, Printers and more | HP United Kingdom2016, viewed 26 October 2016, https://www8.hp.com/uk/en/home.html. Lu, W 2013,Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Information Technology and Software Engineering, Springer, Berlin. Mason, B Ramsey, G 2012,Microsoft System Center 2012 configuration manager, Packt Pub., Birmingham, UK. Materials science and information technology II2012, Trans Tech, Durnten-Zurich, Switzerland. McCormack, A 2014, "The Role of the CIO", in , ITNOW, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 22-23. Meghanathan, N, Chaki, N Nagamalai, D 2012,Advances in computer science and information technology, Springer, Berlin. Mendona, C Sousa Neto, M 2012, "O perfil do Chief Information Officer (CIO) e a sua percepo com relao aos arranjos de governana de TI", in , Revista de Economia e Administrao, vol. 11, no. 2. Park, J 2012,Future information technology, application, and service, Springer, Dordrecht. Peters, A 2012, "From the Chief Executive Officer", in , Australasian Psychiatry, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 170-170.

The aim of this study was to research the effect of leading questions on eyewitness testimony Essay Example

The aim of this study was to research the effect of leading questions on eyewitness testimony Essay The aim of this study was to research the effect of leading questions on eyewitness testimony. The hypothesis was that leading questions would have a significant effect on memory recall. This draws on results of a study by Loftus Zanni whose research indicated that leading questions increase the number of incorrectly recalled details. Participants were selected by opportunity sampling. The chosen study group were given a briefing and told that they could leave at anytime if they wished to. The group watched a clip from Crimewatch UK, and completed a questionnaire based on their viewing. There were two forms of questionnaire. The first was a control questionnaire that did not include leading questions. It used the critical word a. The second was an experimental questionnaire which used the critical word the, and which included five leading questions. The statistical analysis later conducted showed that the effect of leading questions is largely insignificant, because they had little effect on the number of incorrectly recalled details. Therefore the experimental hypothesis can be rejected and the null hypothesis, which states leading questions have no effect on the recall of events, can be accepted. Introduction We will write a custom essay sample on The aim of this study was to research the effect of leading questions on eyewitness testimony specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The aim of this study was to research the effect of leading questions on eyewitness testimony specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The aim of this study was to research the effect of leading questions on eyewitness testimony specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In order to ascertain whether or not leading questions have an effect on eyewitness we must define what a leading question is. Loftus describes a leading question as a question that portrays a certain desirable answer to the participant. For example a leading question may be did you see the red car? this is leading as the critical word, the in this instance implies that there was a red car, even though this may not be the case. The question should be did you see a red car? for it to be truly valid. Loftus conducted a study into the area of leading questions to provide a more valid representation of the given events in police interviews and questionnaire situations. This study was designed to see if such leading questions would affect the recall in a crime recall situation. According to Loftus and Palmers (1974) leading questions can severely affect the outcome of a questionnaire or interview, even when only a singular emotive word is used. Loftus and Palmer conducted a study using a real life event and a range of both emotionally charged and neutral words. In their study participants were shown a clip of a car crashes and later asked to complete a questionnaire. Some of the participants were given emotionally charged words such as collided and smashed. Others were given words with less emotionally charged words such as bumped, hit and contacted. They found that not only does the critical word change the amount of incorrectly recalled facts, but also the emotional significance of that word. For example the word smashed was found to develop answers of higher speeds than less emotionally charged words. Zanni Loftus (1975) used two types of questions. They used the indefinite non leading question, e.g. did you see a broken headlight? whereby there is no misleading of information. The other type of question was a definite leading question, e.g. did you see the broken headlight? Their study investigated the validity of recalled eyewitness events. This was achieved by asking whether a leading question affects a participants response to certain critical words. Participants were shown a reconstruction of a crime and given questionnaires including both leading and non leading questions. This simple change in the independent variable had a noticeable effect in the amount of false responses, the dependent variable. This study will be an exactly replication of Loftus ; Zannis study, however a different video and questionnaires will be used. The aim of my study is to research the effect of leading questions on Eye Witness Testimony. The experimental hypothesis is that leading questions increase the number of incorrectly recalled events. My null hypothesis is that leading questions have no effect on the validity of recalled events. Method: Design: The study was designed as a laboratory experiment with an independent measures design. The sample group was selected into two conditions, a control a condition and an experimental the condition. The independent variable was the critical word in the question used. This could have been either a for the control group, or the for the experimental group. The independent variable would have affected the outcome of the dependent variable, in this instance, the number of incorrect facts recalled. The independent measures design was used to test both groups at the same time, reducing the amount of time needed to conduct the experiment. The laboratory experiment was useful for the study as any extraneous variables could be controlled because it did not affect the results. Noise levels have been found to reduce participants concentration in a study. In order to avoid this, the study was conducted during the day in a room in the middle of school. This meant exterior rooms were quiet and noise did not affect concentration levels. The study involved deceiving the participants about its aim. They believed it was about memory performance and not leading questions. To counter this, a briefing was performed before the start of the study. Participants were informed of their right to withdraw at any time, and they were reassured that any data collected would remain completely confidential. After the study was conducted the participants were debriefed. The aims of the study were explained. The group were offered the opportunity to withdraw their results. The experimenters contact details were given to the participants. In case they wished to discuss any issues raised by the experiment.